Wastewater commonly refers to the liquid wastes collected and transported to treatment facilities via a system of sewers. It is generally divided into two broad classifications: domestic and industrial. The chemical composition of the wastewater is carefully measured both as it enters treatment and before it is released into public rivers, lakes and the oceans. Therefore, the accuracy of all measurements is critically important. In the U.S. wastewater is regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency, as well as state and municipal authorities, with each providing varying standards that must be strictly followed. Companies that fail to comply may be fined thousands of dollars per day until they meet the regulations. There are five basic processes in wastewater treatment:
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